The Secrets of Chromosomes: Unraveling the Mystery of Heredity Across Generations

A study published in Nature by UC Davis demonstrated the molecular mechanism that protects "double Holliday junctions (dHJ)" formed during meiosis, using molecular manipulation and time control in budding yeast. Cohesin, which bundles sister chromatids, protects dHJ and prevents early disassembly by the STR/Bloom complex, thereby maintaining the "cohesion" between chromosomes and enabling crossover. This protective mechanism is crucial in preventing chromosomal number abnormalities (aneuploidy), especially since female oocytes need to maintain this cohesion for several decades after being formed during fetal development. The research could pave the way for more precise understanding and diagnosis of infertility, miscarriage, and Down syndrome. The study was covered in general media such as Phys.org and shared within the academic community through scientific communications (UC Davis, EurekAlert) and science media (Bioengineer.org, News-Medical).